He finished ahead of colleague Lando Norris for a McLaren one-two for the first time since 2010, with Mercedes driver Valtteri Bottas coming in third.
On lap 26, the 32-year-old was aided when championship rivals Max Verstappen and Lewis Hamilton collided at the first corner.
Ricciardo has won his ninth Grand Prix and his first since joining McLaren this season.
Ricciardo got off to a great start from second on the grid, snatching the lead from Verstappen into the first corner.
Following that came some of the best driving of the Australian’s Formula One career.
Before going in after his pit stop, he led Verstappen for 22 laps.
After defending world champion Hamilton and Verstappen clashed, he took back the lead during the safety car period and never looked back.
“To be honest, even if we got the start, it was never a guarantee we would lead the whole race,” Ricciardo said.
“To lead literally from start to finish, I don’t think any of us expected that.”
He stated the mid-season vacation was just what he needed, and he’s been a stronger driver since the season began.
“Just to reboot,” he remarked of the August break.
“I’ve felt better the previous three weekends, and to win and score a one-two is incredible.”
Norris’ second-place performance has helped McLaren jump Ferrari into third place in the constructors’ standings.
After the pair’s dreadful day, Verstappen maintains a five-point lead over Hamilton in the driver’s championship.
Their accident appeared impossible four laps earlier when Verstappen was in second and Hamilton was in fourth, with a five-second buffer between them.
However, Verstappen’s disastrous pit stop at the end of lap 23 set in motion a chain of events that culminated in the disaster.
The Red Bull team struggled to get the right-front tyre on Verstappen’s car, which caused him to be stuck for 11 seconds.
This effectively eliminated his lead over championship challenger Hamilton, who pitted at the conclusion of lap 25 after finally passing Norris.
Verstappen was speeding down the straight when Hamilton emerged from the pits, attempting to beat the Mercedes driver into the first chicane.
Hamilton had the inside line into the right-hand turn into the chicane, sending Verstappen to the curbs.
The two cars collided on the left-hand turn, with Verstappen’s car trapped on top of Hamilton’s.